Exercises and resolutions

292

Determine, preferably without using the formula, the sum of the internal angles of a: a) convex pentagon; b) convex hexagon.

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a) $540^{\circ}$ · b) $720^{\circ}$ — decomposing into 3 and 4 triangles, respectively.

293

Determine the value of $x$ in cases (in and), $\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{ED}$):

Five polygons with angles as a function of x.
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a) $70^{\circ}$ · b) $110^{\circ}$ · c) $90^{\circ}$ · d) $120^{\circ}$ · e) $120^{\circ}$

294

In the cases below, determine $x$, knowing that the segments $\overline{AP}$, $\overline{BP}$, $\overline{CP}$ and $\overline{DP}$, in the figures in which they appear, are angle bisectors.

Four polygons with angle bisectors meeting at P.
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a) $110^{\circ}$ · b) $52^{\circ}30^{\prime}$ · c) $50^{\circ}$ · d) $60^{\circ}$

295

Being $\overline{AP}$ and $\overline{CP}$ angle bisectors from $\hat{A}$ and $\hat{C}$, determine $x$. In a), $\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{PC}$ and $\overline{AP} \parallel \overline{BC}$; in b), $\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{PC}$.

Pentagon and hexagon with angle bisectors AP and CP.
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a) $100^{\circ}$ · b) $150^{\circ}$

296

Determine the internal angle and external angle of one: a) equilateral triangle; b) square; c) regular pentagon; d) regular hexagon.

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a) $60^{\circ}$ e $120^{\circ}$ · b) $90^{\circ}$ e $90^{\circ}$ · c) $108^{\circ}$ e $72^{\circ}$ · d) $120^{\circ}$ e $60^{\circ}$

297

If the triangle $ABP$ is equilateral and $ABCDE$ is a regular pentagon, determine $x$ in the cases:

Regular Pentagon with equilateral triangle ABP.
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a) $66^{\circ}$ · b) $12^{\circ}$

298

Determine the values ​​of $x$ and $y$ in the cases: a) regular pentagon and square; b) regular and square hexagon.

Regular pentagon with inscribed square and regular hexagon with square.
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a) $x = 54^{\circ}$ e $y = 63^{\circ}$ · b) $x = 30^{\circ}$ e $y = 45^{\circ}$

299

Calculate the sum of the interior angles of a nonagon.

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$1\,260^{\circ}$

300

Calculate the sum of the interior angles of a decagon.

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$1\,440^{\circ}$

301

Calculate the sum of the interior angles of an icosagon.

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$3\,240^{\circ}$

302

What is the polygon whose interior angles add up to $1\,800^{\circ}$?

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Dodecagon

303

Calculate the number of diagonals in a decagon.

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35

304

Calculate the number of diagonals of an icosagon.

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170

305

Find the polygon whose number of diagonals is three times the number of sides.

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Eneagon

306

Determine the polygon whose number of diagonals is four times the number of sides.

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Undecagon

307

Determine the polygon that has 9 distinct diagonals.

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Hexagon

308

Determine the largest angle of a pentagon whose interior angles are in the ratio $3 : 3 : 3 : 4 : 5$.

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$150^{\circ}$

309

A regular polygon has, from one of its vertices, as many diagonals as there are diagonals of a hexagon. Find: a) the polygon; b) the total number of diagonals; c) the sum of the internal angles; d) the sum of the external angles; e) the measure of each internal angle and each external angle.

See the resolution of the book
  1. The hexagon has $d = \dfrac{6 \cdot 3}{2} = 9$ diagonals.
  2. From each vertex $n - 3$ diagonals depart: $n - 3 = 9 \Rightarrow n = 12$.

a) dodecagon; b) $d = \dfrac{12 \cdot 9}{2} = 54$; c) $S_i = 10 \cdot 180^{\circ} = 1\,800^{\circ}$; d) $S_e = 360^{\circ}$; e) $a_e = \dfrac{360^{\circ}}{12} = 30^{\circ}$ and $a_i = 150^{\circ}$.

310

How many diagonals can we draw starting from a vertex of a convex polygon with 20 sides?

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17

311

Determine the number of sides of a convex polygon, knowing that diagonals depart from one of its vertices 25.

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28

312

Determine the convex polygon whose sum of internal angles is equal to the number of diagonals multiplied by $180^{\circ}$.

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Quadrilateral

313

Can the internal and external angles of a regular polygon have equal measurements? In what case does this occur?

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Yes, in the square ($90^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$).

314

Determine the number of diagonals of a regular convex polygon whose exterior angle is $24^{\circ}$.

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90

315

The ratio of the interior angle to the exterior angle of a regular polygon is 9. Determine the number of sides of the polygon.

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20

316

The internal angle of a regular polygon is 1,5 times its external angle. Determine the number of sides of the polygon.

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5

317

The exterior angle of a regular polygon is equal to twice its interior angle. Determine the number of diagonals in this polygon.

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Zero (this is equilateral triangle: $a_e = 120^{\circ} = 2 \cdot 60^{\circ}$).

318

The sum of the internal angles and the external angles of a regular polygon is $1\,800^{\circ}$. Determine the number of diagonals in the polygon.

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35

319

Determine the number of sides of a regular convex polygon whose interior angle is five times the exterior.

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12

320

Determine the number of sides of a regular polygon $ABCDE\ldots$, knowing that the angle bisectors $\overline{AP}$ and $\overline{CP}$ of the angles $\hat{A}$ and $\hat{C}$ form an angle that is worth $\dfrac{2}{9}$ of its internal angle.

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20

321

Determine the measure of the angle formed by the extensions of the sides $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{CD}$ of a regular polygon $ABCD\ldots$ with 20 sides.

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$36^{\circ}$ or $144^{\circ}$

322

The perpendicular bisectors of two consecutive sides of a regular polygon form an angle of $24^{\circ}$. Determine the number of diagonals in this polygon.

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90

323

By increasing the number of sides of a polygon by 3, its number of diagonals increases by 21. Determine the number of diagonals in this polygon.

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14

324

In the figure below, determine the sum of the measures of the angles $\hat{a} + \hat{b} + \hat{c} + \hat{d} + \hat{e} + \hat{f}$.

Three triangles connected by crossed lines, with angles a to f and 120°.
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$300^{\circ}$

325

Given two polygons with $n$ and $n + 6$ sides, respectively, calculate $n$, knowing that one of the polygons has 39 more diagonals than the other.

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$n = 5$

326

Three convex polygons have $n$, $n + 1$, and $n + 2$ sides, respectively. Since $2\,700^{\circ}$ is the sum of all the internal angles of the three polygons, determine the value of $n$.

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$n = 6$

327

The numbers that express the number of sides of three polygons are $n - 3$, $n$ and $n + 3$. Determine the number of diagonals of each of the polygons, knowing that the sum of all their internal angles is $3\,240^{\circ}$.

See the resolution of the book
$$(n - 5)\cdot 180^{\circ} + (n - 2)\cdot 180^{\circ} + (n + 1)\cdot 180^{\circ} = 3\,240^{\circ} \Rightarrow 3n - 6 = 18 \Rightarrow n = 8.$$

Polygons have 5, 8, and 11 sides, and therefore $d_1 = 5$, $d_2 = 20$, and $d_3 = 44$ diagonals.

328

Three polygons have the number of sides expressed by consecutive integers. Knowing that the total number of diagonals of the three polygons is equal to 28, determine the polygon with the greatest number of diagonals.

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Heptagon

329

Two convex polygons have the number of sides expressed by the numbers $n$ and $n + 4$. Determine the value of $n$, knowing that one of the polygons has 34 more diagonals than the other.

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$n = 8$

330

A convex polygon has 5 more sides than another. Knowing that the total number of diagonals is 68, determine the number of diagonals of each polygon.

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14 e 54

331

Given two regular polygons, with $n + 1$ sides and $n$ sides, respectively, determine $n$, knowing that the interior angle of the first polygon exceeds the interior angle of the second by $5^{\circ}$.

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$n = 8$

332

A regular polygon has 30 diagonals that do not pass through its center. How long is each internal angle?

See the resolution of the book

A regular polygon only has diagonals through the center if $n$ is even, and then $\dfrac{n}{2}$ is theirs.

  • $n$ odd: $d = 30 \Rightarrow n^2 - 3n - 60 = 0$, no natural root. It doesn’t work.
  • $n$ par: $d = \dfrac{n}{2} + 30 \Rightarrow \dfrac{n(n-3)}{2} = \dfrac{n}{2} + 30 \Rightarrow n^2 - 4n - 60 = 0 \Rightarrow n = 10$.

It is the regular decagon: $a_e = 36^{\circ}$ and $a_i = 144^{\circ}$.

333

What is the regular polygon that has 6 diagonals passing through its center?

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Dodecagon

334

A regular polygon has 170 diagonals. How many pass through the center?

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10

335

The interior angle of a regular polygon measures $140^{\circ}$. How many diagonals pass through the center?

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None (it is the nonagon, with an odd number of sides).