In this group of posts the objective is to present non-rational numbers, which we call irrational. For this it is important to talk about the Pythagorean constant $\sqrt{2}$. Until the emergence of this constant, the Pythagorean school followed in the footsteps of the Sumerians, Plato’s academy, Alexandria’s school, among others. Historical definition of the Square Root In introductory posts, we saw concepts of square root, which is nothing more than the side of the square.
The notion of dividing is present in our daily lives, for example, dividing a pizza is a simple process that reminds us of the notion of fraction. The first word we see in fraction is half or half. $$\dfrac{1}{2}$$ History of the representation of rational numbers The great mathematicians took a long time to understand the representation of rational numbers, including the notation for fractions. Next, we show the types of writing for fractions.